Steam-condensing turbine



E. MUHL.

STEAM CONDENSING TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT.9, 1949.

1,346,413. Patented July 13, 1920.

4 SHEETS-SHEET l.

E. M'U'HL.

STEAM CONDENSING TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 9. I9l9.

Patented July 13, 1920.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

lfzess es: Inventor' I E? Efwstjfk lj I; u: I III HIIII E. MUHL.

STEAM CONDENSING TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 9,1919. 1,346,413. Patented July 13, 1920.

4 `SHEETS-SHEET 3.

El E E 25 \z0 /6 wif/messes Inventar E. MUHL. STEAMVCDNDENSING TURBINE. APPLICATIONl FILED SEPT. 9 1919.

Patented July 13, 1920.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Inventor* Er/zszjlfzZ/zl I l 9 his Zita/lz ey Ey l 4burrito STATES PATENT crevice.

ERNST MI-IL, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

STEAM-CONDENSING TUB/EINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Pgttn'ted July 13, 1920,

Application led September 9, 1919. Serial No. 322,608.

tain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Condensing Turbines, of which the following is a specification.

One object of my invention is to provide a steam turbine construction in which the internal parts, such for example as the turbine wheel and its connecting elements, will operate in a partial vacuum due to the condensation of the steam immediately adjacent said: elements and thereby reduce friction of said elements during their movement and permit them to freely operate in a better manner than possible in constructions made prior to my invention. y

Another object is to so construct my invention that it will develop greater power than heretofore possible in turbine machines of this type when utilizing similar quantities of steam under the same pressure ;\.my invention being operative to develop great power while using a small amount of steam under a comparatively low pressure.

A further object is to make my invention of a simple and strong construction so that the parts can be cheaply and quickly manufactured and put together. f

These objects, and other advantageous ends which will be described hereinafter, I attain in the following manner, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of myinvention,

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a section taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2,

Fig. 4 is a transverse section taken on the line 4.-4 of Fig. 3,

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary elevation partly in section showing certain of the features of my invention, M

Fig. 6 is a transverse section taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5,

Fig. 7 is a side elevation of oneof my improved compound nozzles,

F ig. 8 isa fragmentary section taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 7,

Fig. 9 is an enlarged fragmentary view of a part of an inclined trough or gutter arovidin a waterwa and forminv a art, D C

of my invention,

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary enlarged section through the turbine wheel and taken on the line 10-10 of Fig. 3, y

Fig. 1l is a sectional elevation of similar ynature to Fig. i showing a modied form of my invention including a yplurality of turbine wheels and associated parts together with a number of said troughs providing a plurality of waterways for the condensing water and water of condensation, and

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary face view of one of the turbine wheels shown in Fig. 11.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 10 inclusive of the drawings, llll represents a casing or steam chest made in two hollow parts 15 and 16 in which the part Vi6 serves as a base section and the part 15 serves as a hood or top sec tion. Bearings 17 are provided at opposite sides of the casing la and serve as supporting means for a shaft 17a; said shaft passing transversely through the casing la and having a turbine wheel 1S secured thereon within the casing; a part of the turbine wheel 'being closed by the base section and a part by the top section of said casing as clearly shown in Figs. 3 and a.

A steam inlet pipe 19 is connected to a box 20 providing a steam inlet chamber 21; said box 20 being secured to one end of the casing 14 as clearly shown in Figs. 5 and 6. Nipples 22 extend through the casing 14 and form means for attachment for steam headers 23 within the casing 14. These steam headers have two nozzles 24e respectively secured thereto; said nozzles being positioned at opposite sides of the turbine wheel 18 as clearly shown in Figs. l and 5. The nipples 22 provide means of entrance of the steam from the chamber 21 into the headers 23 and each of the nozzles 241 is made arcuate as shown in Fig. 7 and is provided withtwo arcuate ducts 25 which taper at their inner ends as shown at 26, said inner ends leading to the side surfaces 27 immediately adjacent the opposite side surfaces of the turbine wheel 18. Thus,

.comparatively smallholes '28 provide outterfering in any mannerra'nd are comparatively large. 'Also by thus making the poel;-

ets comparatively larga-spaces are'providedl for the steam expansion as will hereinafter sion of pockets 32; said pockets being comparatively shallow adjacent the steam outlet holes 23 ,and-are. of various depths and are arranged instep formation;V the depths being graded so that the pockets which are .the greatest distance from' the holes 23 are the deepest,as clearly shown in Fig.8. TheV pockets 29 Vof the turbine wheel 18 are arranged in annular rows as clearly shown in Fig. y3 and the arcuate channels 31 of the nozzles 24 are so shaped as to be directly opposite or in register with Vthe pockets 29 of the turbine wheel. The steam passes outwardly through the holes 2 3 in the nozzles and expands `within, the pockets 29 of the turbine wheel 1S which are immediately adjacent the holes 28. This steam further eX- pands into the shallow pockets 32 in the channels and the impulse of thus pocketing and permitting` the expansion of the steam causes the rotation of the turbine wheel 18.

'By having the pockets 32 of gradually in Vcreasing depths the steam is permitted to' expand and at the same time during the expansionwithin the length of the channel 31 additional impulse will be established due to the fact that the steaml expands into the various pockets so that `there-action of saidsteam is `to add additional advancing force to the turbine wheel.l The steam after passingont of the free ends of the channels 31 is admitted into the up'per'portion of the casing 1.4.

One side ofthe casing 14 is open as shown at and a supplemental easing 34 is secured to Vthecasing 14 and provides a chamber'357 as clearly shown in Fig.3. The supplemental casing and chamber extend be-v low the bottom of the opening 33 and provide a water chestfor a purposel hereinafter tobe described. A coldl water pipe 36 ene tersthe ysupplemental casing 34 and hasa substantially horizontal extension 37 which is'longitudinally perforated adjacent its bottom and extends substantiallyt the entire width of the casing 14. A bolt 38 extends through the casing 14 and supports the inner end of the extension 37 of the water pipe 36. A trough or chute 39 has its inner end supported by the bolt 38 and inner end of thewater pipe extension 37 ;said trough being arranged at an incline and being made upof a number of sections 40 which are substantially U-shape in cross section.. These sections 40 are securedV to eachother as clearlyeshown in Figs. 3 and 4 by screws 41 so that there is a space 42 betweeneach two of the sections; said spaces being located at the bottoni of the chuteV so yas to permit the steam, as indicated by the arrows 'in Figs. 3- and 9,` tol-pass into the chute v through the spaces 42. Cold water is fed into the Vwater pipe 36 from any suitable 39. These streams of cold water intercept the stream withiny the yupper portion of the from the water pipe'falls ntothe chute and Arunsr downwardly' into. the ybottoni of the causes a'partial vacuum to be established within the casing and thereby reduces the friction yof the movable parts permitting them to move more Vfreelyand eliminates. back pressure of any character.

YIt will be noted that by having the openings 42 between the sections or tne chute that' the steam'will passthrough said spaces and directly engage the streams of cold water so as to quickly condense the steam which rises under the chute. The water from the chamber 35 is taken off by a pipe 43 and can be injected into a steam boiler or used for any other purpose desired.v

By the provision ofthe parts above described a great saving of steam is effected due to the formation` of the parts of the par` tial vacuum and also by utilizing the eipansive and impulsive action of the steam thronghoutthe entire length of the pocket The bottom of the casing 14 is provided with a valve V44 whereby any drainage can be drawn oil' and this valve is preferably made in the form of a trap valve so as not to interfere with theA establishment of a vacuum within the casing as above described.l

In the form of my inventionshown in Figs. 11 and 1 2, I have illustrated a number of turbine wheels 18L which are connected to a shaft' 17 l. `In this instance I have illus trated a numberof sprinkler-Vor water pipes 37a which `are connectedto an outer inlet water vheader shown in dot-anddash lines at 45. Troughs 39au are positioned under each of the water pipes 7a. Furthermore, I have illustrated each of the nozzles 24 as being provided with a number of poeketed channels 31a for registering with the pockets 29Va ofthe turbine wheels 18a. In this manner Vany number of turbine wheels can be practically secured to one shaft and the concerted result of the expansive and impulsive action of the steam between the nozzlesand their adjacent turbineA wheels .will be such as to impart power to said shaft.

While I have described my invention as taking a particular form, it will be understood that the various parts of my invention Ysource and falls inV streams into the chute "casing 14 and thereby condenses the steaml and the water of condensationand the water may be changed without departing` from the spirit thereof; and hence l do not limit myself to the precise construction set forth; but

Vconsider that l am at liberty to makesuch changes and alterations as fairly come within the scope oil the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention; what l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is l. A steam turbine including a casing; a water pipe leading into said easing; a trough spaced from said water pipe whereby water from said pipe impacts with the steam in said casing to condense the steam and passes through the space between the water pipe and the trough.; and means for taking olf the water from said trough; substantially as described.

2. A steam turbine including a casing into which the steam is exhausted; a perforated water pipe in said casing; a trough made in sections and spaced from the perlorations in said water pipe whereby water passes through said space into the trough; said sections having spaces therebetween whereby steam can enter said trough to impact with the water; and means for taking off said water from the trough; substantially as described.

3. A steam turbine having a casing into which the steam is exhausted; a longitudinally perforated water pipe extending into said casing and an inclined trough spaced from said water pipe whereby the water from said pipe passes in streams through said latter space into the trough; and means for taking oli' the water from the bottom of said inclined trough; substantially as described.

Ll. A. steam turbine having a casing into which the steam is exhausted and having an opening; a supplemental casing communicating with said lirst casing through said opening; a water pipe leading into said lirst casing through the supplemental casing; a chute spaced from said water pipe whereby water from said pipe passes through said latter space to condense said exhaust steam, said chute having a portion leading into said supplemental casing whereby the water is delivered into said supplemental casing; and mea-ns for taking ofi the water from said supplemental easing; substantia-lly as described.

5. A steam turbine having a casing into which the steam is exhausted and having an opening; a supplemental casing communicating with said first casing through said opening; a water pipe leading into said first casing through the supplemental casing; a chute spaced from said water pipe whereby water from said pipe passes through said latter space to condense said exhaust steam, said chute having a portion leading into said supplemental casing whereby 'the water is delivered into said supplemental casing; and means for taking oi the water from said supplemental casing; said chute being connected to said water pipe whereby the water pipe and chute can be removed through said opening when said supplemental casing is removed; substantially as described.

ln testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specilication in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

i ERNST MUHL. TWitnesses ANNA BENTON, CHAs. E. Porre. l' 

